WSWS : v^W h` |@L;n : iNy` up-mh`Qpy
iNy` a`Nv mRqn m`l`vK p`R@MNv N wL kr g
p`L jy@Skr
2002 a@L 2
agm# awL @bh` vJp`@G iNy` a`Nv, "Swv`qyt e@rv stN v#@M" kdr`v yt@W, m`R 26 q` p#v p`R@MN@V @|; Ek`bQ[ s#yK N, j`wN @r~ m`l`vK Swv`qy v#l#K@M a``pnw (OO) -@p`@t~- wL kr g#mt smW y.
It yNwM n gnnkt @pr, p`lk j`k j`wN sN[`ny (eNE) @mm pnw p#n@M y }m yWn@yN as`R}kWvyt pWy. ey, m`R 18 q`, eNE sN[`nyt bwryK pvn, iNy` p`R@MN@V phl mN mNdly vn @l~K sX`v l sMmw y. e@hW, p`lk sX`gy wryK @ls n ihl mN mNdly vn r`j& sX`v l m`R 21 q`, em pnw pr`jyt pW y.
vJp` @mm pnw sMmw krg#mt @kwrM nM a`n shgw q y @w`W, o mN mNdl @q@K Ek`bQ[ s#yK - 1947 iNy` Sv`nWv@yN pv @M qKv` p#v evN @wvn s#y - k#>vn @ls iNy` jn`p@gN l vs@yN iLl` @Y y. pnw cNq 296t 425N sMmw awr mNN 60K p#@mN @h~ cNqy @mN v#l.
eNE pK; @b`@h`myK @p`@t~ yt pK;v cNqy k`\ kl awr wLn`@V pqnM n smSw iNy` aNn` d N@N ks`gM (EaEeM@K) sh j`kv` @k`AS pK;y (eN) eyt sh`y Nh. ekK h#r# @k`t, @k`AS (a) a# @s p`R|k pK; yLlm, pnwt r#Q[v cNqy p`C klh. bjN sm`J pK;y (eS), cNqy @mN v#l N eNE hLkr#v vn btr @bAg`l@Y nL @k`Asy () h` eKy.
nv pnw "Swv` s#kkr#vN" aW adAvt g#mt @p`yt L blwl lb` @q. >yN@gN |n m s>h` akrnyt ipW mN @w`rv n 30K S@S q mW @ls @c~qn` ipW mN @w`rv n 90K S@S q oN aW adA@V wb` gw h# y. @|; akrnyk am#y yt@W s#kkr#vN @c~qn` rwv wvW amwr n 90K r>v` g#mt vn. Swv`qy sMbN[@yN s#k @k@rn On$m a@y@G @Q@p`l, E b>v pK;nyK @h~ n X`gyK a#rmt @pr`v pv` r`jsNwk kl h# y.
a`Nvt On$m kNd`ymK "Swv` sA[`nyK" @ls hAv g#mt vn. e@ls whnmt lK @k@rn sA[`nykt qL, nv`w#N, v`hn phkM @h~ @s sh@y~gyK s#pm sMbN[@yN s#kyt lK vn On$m a@yK "Swv` @c~qn`" yt@W n X`gyt lK kl h# y. @p`yt ipW @k@rn p`@p`Cc`rn, an&w`v k`\ @n` @k@rn s`Kkr#vN@G s`K sh rhN sthN kr g# pd yn yLl s`K @ls X`r g#mt vn. @p`yt rkwn, vN h` aNwR j`l pd yn`yt rhN svN @M L blwl l#@b a#w.
pnw Swv`qy b>v iw` plL aR}q#KmK mw pqnM @V. iNy`@V Ek`bQ[w`v wRjnyt lK krn @h~ mhjny` awr "Swy" a# mt y` krn On$m a@yK "Swv`@y." wm R@q~X`vy oP @M vgm wy` mw p#tm "vrqkr# bv oP vn @wK R@q~ y" yn S}`w my l[Rmy p#h#v uLlA{ny m. vrqkr#vN vn Qgl@y~ avm vs@yN pS ar# r qvmk t mrn qNdny qKv` qvMvlt n @q. r>v` g l#b pv R@q~ bv oP ayt vN l#@M ayK n#w.
vJp` sh eNE sX`g@Y [`n pK;y vn o@G N S@v~Wwmv` X`ry jnw` pK;y (@J), @mm j`wN @r~ yvr y`vt qm s, s#Pw#MbR 11 eKsW jnpq@Y h`r sh @qs#MbR 13 q` iNy` p`R@MNvt eLl h`ry gs` k$@V y. eKsW jnpqy l L qhst e@rv [`n yvr gnn`vK m @gn a# a`Nv iNy` pnw \As`vt lK m aR}X` y. m`R 28 q` eKsW jnpq r`j& @qp`Rw@MN k`\k cD bVcR iNy` pnw sMbN[@yN @m@S k`\ k@L y: "a`N Swv`qyt r#Q[v yvr g#m v#qgW y."
plv jn`p a``vK @ls oK@w~br@Y k`\yt pW @kr# @p`@t~ q#N @p`t` (OE- Swv`qy v#l#K@M pnw) bvt pW @V. @mm nv pnw, Lv p#r# @VcnyNt pv 1995 a@h~ y`mt id h# kt Swv` h` kd`kPpLk` y` (v#l#K@M) pnwt (EE- t`d`) vd`, p a`k`ryN m qr# y. t`d` @y`q` gw h# @Y QglyNt e@rv awr @p`t` sMbN[@yN gW kl ey sA[`nykt r#Q[v q es` e y s`m`kyNt h` y`vNt r#Q[v q @yy h# y. pdvlt rh@S svN mt @p`yt a# ay vd` blg vn awr "Swv`N" b>v @w`rr# sv a#w# wn ayt e@rv q yvr g#mt vn.
t`d` emN @kr# brpwl j`wN aN uLlA{nyN - @|;@yN m iNy` p`ln@Y r#Q[v`N yg#Nmt h` oN rgw mt iNy` a`rK;k hq`vN N @mm pn@W [`n @y`q` g# jM h` k`|r `Nwy l - @H@vN apRmW @B. vgX`gyN @w`rv @k@rn aW adAvt g#M, n X`g pvWvN ز k`nv r>v`g#M sh akrn @y~gvlt N @k@rn {`wn lX y.
m`R 23 q` i@k`nK tMS pl m$w kv#yK @m@S sthN k@L y: "t`d` yt@W aW adAvt g# QglyN@gN yyt 99kt v# sK yg#Nmt, h#ryt p` kl awr smhr# @c~qn`vK oP mN pv` @w`rv {`wny @kr#." l vs@yN gW kl, t`d` yt@W QglyN 77,571K r>v` g# awr, e@hW vrqkr# @M ap`wy yyt ektW vd` a y. y a@h~ m @n`wk`m, t`d` [`n yt@W wvmW y gnnK aW adA@V p @V.
j`wN aNt e@r h`r
nv pn@W arn q#ntmW p#h# y: enM, @Q\p`ln r#Q[v`N yg#Nm sh "Swv`qyt e@rv stN @M" n`m@yN SMvr#N ilKk kr g#m mN j`gnv` a`wN uWsNn m. @M yLl vN@N, p`lk sX`gy @HqyN@gN i wl` a#, pS}`ny smg a`wN ihl mTt@M pvn sh a`Nv y @vl> @p`l w# a`Rk sASkrnvl sm`j blp$m sMbN[@yN v#@dn r#Q[Wvykt n @qn @k`N@Q yt@W y.
Ek`bQ[ p`R@MN s#v`ryt @pr n, m`R 25 q`, jM k`|r K @pr@N (@J@KeLeF) n`yk yN mK aW adAvt g#mt @p`@t~ @y`q` g#. E @pr @nk @d`lR 100,000K smg aW adAvt g# QglyN @q@q@nK em qL mK s>h` y "p`@p`Cc`rny" @mN anr#v y. o adAvt g#@N, k`|r @bMv` kNd`yMvl Ek`bQ[ sA[`nyK @ls w&`lv y`Wmk vn sRv p`Kk y`T sM@Mln@Y (EeC) /ngR lS}`n@Y p#v v^W s`kCc`vk y. o y @c~qn` K@p kr @B.
@p`@t~ @y`q`gN QglyN 69K aW adAvt @gn a# bv - iN 51K jM h` k`|r `Nw@Y SMvr#N y - Sv@Q\ a#m eL.@K. aQv` Ek`bQ[ s#yt p#v y. It amwrv, jr`t@Y @J n`ykWv@yN W `Nw a`Nv @mm a`` pnw yt@W QglyN 62K aW adAvt @gn @B. oN yL@l~m SMvr# vn awr @pbrv` 27 q` N l[Rmv` y`k`kyN gnn`vK a# 58kt mr# k#>vN @g`[r` Mykt phr m b> @c`qn`vt lK @v~ y. jr`t@Y klhyK av` SM v#yN y gnnK mr` q# N uNmNwkyN ek vW @p`@t~ yt@W r>v` @gn n#w. `mlW ag r#vry vn L aN b> y`k`k r`NqR sc`R @m@S aqhS q#K y: "@M a`k`r@Y yK apr`[yk @ynNt @n` v eyt @g`r#vNt e@rv @yq@vN@N @k@S q yNn b>v jr`ty qn."
pnw jM h` k`|r `Nw@Y @r~[w` v&`p`r h` vRjn gnn`vK a#v s#ly r#Q[WvyK av` @B. a#M@nS iNtRn#;nL sA[`n@Y iNy` aA\@Y [`n @J n`gr`J @m@S k`\ k@L y: "nv pnw y mN shk @kr# m`nv aN uLlA{ny m." wmN "sQ @Cwn`@vN" y` kl bv @pNmt ont h# nM a`rK;k hq` s`m`kyNt a@c~qn@yN RKw @M h#y`v lb` @qn vgNykt av[`ny @y` krN o wv rtW @m@ls p#v y: "@p`yt evN blwl m mN ey em y ap@y~jny mt id a# ay@G av\&w` a`rK;` kr."
iNy` vWpWvl pl kv#, vJp` a`Nv m`v iKmv` @g`S @Q\p`ln a`wN anv\& @ls uWsNn kr a#w# p`lk N l pvWn` uWkw` ă k@L y. i@k`nK tMS p@Y kv#yK, "s`pr` y`vNt qvM m s>h` m`nvW iNy`v sv q#ntmW pvn" bvt wRk krN, eNE a`Nvt y` @Y, "p`R@MN@V Ek`bQ[ s#yK iLl` m mN @p`@t~ iNy`@V u@rN phlt wL" @n` krn @ls. p`lk kvvl EkmkX`vy lb` g s "@p`@t~ y h#dgSvn" @ls iNyN eKSS py a`N@vN iLl` @Y y.
@J@Y smhr hLkr#vN pnwt q#K v&`j r#Q[Wvy, oN eyt pK;v cNqy N t eqrV y. j`k sM@Mlny (eN) plv @l~K sX`v l pnwt pK;v cNqy N nW, pv r`j& sX`@V eyt r#Q[v cNqy N@N jM h` k`|r `Nw@Y SM bwry awr pvWn` wm pqnM wv rtW `qny @vw# yn y @H @k`t@gn y. n pykt pv p#v Ek`bQ[ s#@Y eN @Vcn`Wmk @k h'N pv` @w`rv @p`@t~ pnwt sh@y~gy q#K y. vJp` N @qn lq ekm shny @Y, jr`t@Y `Nw a`Nvt, e @p`@t~ @c~qn` ivW kr @gn E @vvt pvWn` @y`q` g#mt bl m.
p`R|k pK;vl - @k`AS (a) sh St#Nv` iNy` @k`ST pK;y-m`KSv` (a-eM) - a`S}`n mN m hk y. ek pK;ykt vW, j`wN @r~ yvr @h~ @p`@t~ pnw @M vn tW @y`q` @gn a# a`k`ry @h~ b>v l[Rm`Wmk mw@HqyK @n` pv. o yL@l~ m, pn@W arn "Swv`qyt e@rv stN v#m" y yn @b`r#v g.
@k`AS (a) n`k` @s~y` g`N Cc`nM Svr@yN @m@S anr# a#< y: "m` s#k krN@N, @p`@t~, @mm a`Nv aw, @Q\p`ln r#Q[v`N, a`gk wryN, jnv`Rk kNd`yM, ap sm`j@Y vd` Rvl @k`tS sh v^Wy s m#@M upkrnyK v a# bvt." a#y pv, t`d` pnv` Ev` @y`q` g#mt a#@G pK;y gW Nv KKw m qKv` yN y` @Y, ey krn lQ@Q, "g#@M v`w`vrnyK l @n` v EkmkX`v@Y v`w`vrnyK l" bv. epmnK @n` v, kRn`tky h` mh`r`Sy l @k`AS n`ykWv@yN W `Nw a`N t sm`n pnW q#ntmW sMmw @k`t a#w yn kr#n b>v mt vK g`Nt @N n#w.
v`qy l , a-eM, SM wryt e@rv @p`@t~ pnw "ap@y~jn@Y @ym" b>v vJp` a`Nv @Vcny krN "Swv`qyt e@rv stN v#mt" pvWn` m`nvW bv av[`rny k@L y. nv sMbN[@yN ont pvWn` mw@Hq @kwrM nM q y @w`W, vJp`t "y @Q\p`ln pK; smg ekt v` s`kCc` @k`t mw@Hq s>` gw h#v n`" y a-eM n`yk @s~mn`W c#tR iNyN eKSS pyt p#v y. btr @bAg`ly l a-eM n`ykWv@yN W v`m @pr `Nw a`Nv, j`wN aN m#m s "btr @bAg`l Swv`qy v#l#K@M a``pnw" nN wmN@G m pnwK ipW mt q`nM @V.
@p`@t~ vlt e@rv spWk r#Q[WvyK @n` p#v yn kr#n, @mm pK; ekK vW, a`N@V @vWvlt pvWn` r#Q[Wvy p`g` q#m s an`gw@Y @mm j`wN @r~ pnw @y`q` g#mt e@rv @n` v a#w yNn b> anr# a#<m.
aq`l @vnW
2002 06
iNy`v sh pS}`ny Q[yk aQqrt p#@n
2002 a@™L 26
iNy` p`lk sX`gy j`gnv` uQ@{~;ny @H@vN alk
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